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© 2026 Global Real Estate Intelligence. An independent research index.Third-party research remains owned by its publishers; we summarise and link to the original. Public-record, regulatory and market data is compiled and hosted by GREI, with its source cited.
Policies & Regulation

The rules that reprice buildings.

Legislation, zoning, rent, tax, monetary and prudential policy that moves real estate markets, plus the sustainability, disclosure and energy standards investors hold real assets to — each entry links to the official primary source. (For what firms publish about themselves, see Reports & policies.)

News & DealsMarket ReportsPoliciesFundsInvestorsManagersMedia

68 regulations

All policyLegislation & regulationSustainability & standards
AllZoningRent regulationHousing financeMonetary policyPrudentialTaxDecarbonizationDisclosureEnergyStandardsEUUSUKCanada
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Summaries are for orientation only, not legal advice. Always confirm requirements on the official source.

Newly added
United States — Washington, DCHousing Investment Protection Act of 2026 & Illegal Occupancy Enforcement Amendment Act of 2026 (DC)5 days agoUnited StatesENERGY STAR Portfolio ManagerCanadaBank of Canada interest rate announcement and release of the Monetary Policy ReporttodayCanadaPress Conference: Monetary Policy Report – July 20262 days agoUnited States — FederalSuspended Counterparty Program (2026-14036)
United States· in force; phasing out after 30 Jun 2026
179D Energy Efficient Commercial Buildings Deduction

Federal tax deduction (up to ~$5/sq ft with prevailing-wage compliance) for energy-efficient property in commercial buildings achieving at least 25% energy-cost savings. Phasing out for projects beginning construction after June 30, 2026.

Internal Revenue Service
energytax incentivedecarbonizationus
United States — Federal· enacted (became law without presidential signature)
21st Century ROAD to Housing Act (H.R. 6644)

Comprehensive federal housing package: passed Senate 85-5 and House 358-32 in June 2026; became law 11 Jul 2026 after President Trump declined to sign within the constitutional 10-day window. Streamlines environmental review (NEPA) for housing development, modernizes manufactured/modular housing standards, restricts institutional investors holding 350+ single-family homes from buying additional single-family homes (build-to-rent and senior-living exceptions apply), and expands financing capacity for community development financial institutions.

The 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act (H.R. 6644, 119th Congress) is described by its sponsors as the largest federal housing package since the 1990 Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act. Key real-estate-relevant provisions: (1) expedited/expanded categorical exclusions under NEPA for housing development; (2) modernized manufactured and modular housing standards; (3) a purchase restriction on large institutional single-family-rental investors (350+ homes), with carve-outs for build-to-rent and senior housing; (4) increased lending capacity for community development banks supporting affordable housing. Public Law citation not yet confirmed as of ingest (14 Jul 2026) — check congress.gov for the assigned number once enrolled. This entry reports what changed; it is not legal or investment advice — route interpretation questions to counsel.
legislationfederalhousing supplynepa reforminstitutional investorsmanufactured housing
United States — Federal· in force
Amendment Reinstating “Grandfather” Exceptions to Restrictions on Private Transfer Fee Covenants (2026-05160)

The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) is making a technical amendment to its Private Transfer Fee Covenants (PTFC) Regulation. The PTFC Regulation restricts FHFA's regulated entities-- the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) (collectively, the Enterprises), and the Federal Home Loan Banks (Banks)--from purchasing, investing in, accepting as collateral, or otherwise dealing in mortgages on properties

Federal Housing Finance Agency
legislation regulationhousing finance
Canada· proposed
Bank of Canada publishes report on monetary policy framework consultations

The Bank of Canada today published a report summarizing the feedback it received from stakeholders and the Canadian public during consultations on its monetary policy framework.

Bank of Canada — press releases
legislation regulationmonetary policy
UK· in force
Bank Rate maintained at 3.75% - April 2026 Monetary Policy Summary and Minutes

The Bank of England’s Monetary Policy Committee is responsible for making decisions about Bank Rate.

Bank of England — news & policy
legislation regulationmonetary policy
UK· in force
Bank Rate maintained at 3.75% - June 2026 Monetary Policy Summary and Minutes

The Bank of England’s Monetary Policy Committee is responsible for making decisions about Bank Rate.

Bank of England — news & policy
legislation regulationmonetary policy
US — Boston· phasing in
Boston Building Emissions Reduction and Disclosure Ordinance (BERDO)

Requires large existing buildings to report annual energy and water use and meet declining GHG emissions standards, reaching net zero by 2050. Imposes both disclosure and emissions-cap obligations on Boston CRE.

City of Boston
decarbonizationdisclosureemissionsenergyus
Global· voluntary standard
BREEAM

A sustainability assessment method for buildings and infrastructure covering energy, carbon, health, circularity and resilience across the lifecycle. Widely used in Europe to certify environmental performance.

BRE (Building Research Establishment)
voluntarycertificationenergydecarbonization
US — California· in force
California 2025 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24, Part 6)

Mandatory energy-efficiency requirements for new and altered nonresidential buildings, expanding heat-pump use, electric-readiness and ventilation standards. Applies to permits filed on or after January 1, 2026.

California Energy Commission
energydecarbonizationbuilding codeuscalifornia
US — California· phasing in
California SB 253 — Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act

Requires US companies with over $1bn revenue doing business in California to publicly report Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions (Scope 3 from 2027). Affects large CRE owners and REITs; first reports due 2026.

California Air Resources Board
disclosuredecarbonizationemissionsuscalifornia
US — California· in force; enforcement paused pending litigation
California SB 261 — Climate-Related Financial Risk Act

Requires companies with over $500m revenue doing business in California to publish biennial climate-related financial risk reports. Relevant to large CRE firms with physical and transition-risk exposure.

California Air Resources Board
disclosureclimate riskuscalifornia
Canada· in force
Canada Green Buildings Strategy

Federal strategy to cut emissions and energy costs across Canada's buildings sector by accelerating retrofits and low-carbon new construction. Affects CRE owners via retrofit programs and future code stringency.

Natural Resources Canada
decarbonizationenergycanadastrategy
Canada· voluntary
Canadian Sustainability Disclosure Standards (CSDS 1 & 2)

ISSB-aligned standards (general sustainability and climate disclosures) setting how Canadian entities report sustainability and climate risks. Voluntary from 2025, providing the disclosure baseline for Canadian real-estate companies.

Canadian Sustainability Standards Board
disclosureesgcanadaclimatereporting
US — Chicago· in force
Chicago Energy Benchmarking Ordinance

Requires buildings larger than 50,000 sq ft to track and report whole-building energy use annually via ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager, with periodic data verification. Provides energy-transparency benchmarking for Chicago CRE.

City of Chicago Department of Environment
disclosurebenchmarkingenergyus
UK — England· in force
Class MA Permitted Development — floorspace cap & vacancy requirement removed (SI 2024/141)

The Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) (England) (Amendment) Order 2024 (SI 2024/141), in force 5 Mar 2024, amends Class MA of the GPDO 2015 (commercial/business/service-to-residential conversion). It removes (a) the 1,500 sqm floorspace cap and (b) the 3-month pre-application vacancy requirement, permitting change of use to residential (Class C3) from Class E buildings of any size — occupied or vacant — without a full planning application, subject to prior approval.

Commercial real-estate coverage of this change (e.g. Cushman & Wakefield's 'Unlocking New Opportunities') frames it as materially widening the office/retail-to-residential conversion pipeline in England by removing the two binding constraints that previously excluded larger and occupied buildings. Primary instrument: legislation.gov.uk. England only — does not apply in Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland, which have separate planning regimes.
permitted developmentplanning reformzoningoffice to residentialclass maengland
EU· phasing in
Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD)

Requires very large companies to identify, prevent and address adverse human-rights and environmental impacts in their chains of activities, and adopt a climate transition plan. Affects large CRE developers and investors via construction supply chains.

European Parliament and Council
due diligencesupply chainesgeu
EU· phasing in
Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD)

Expands mandatory sustainability reporting to a wide set of large and listed companies, requiring audited disclosure under the European Sustainability Reporting Standards on a double-materiality basis. Captures large CRE owners, developers and REITs.

European Parliament and Council
disclosurereportingesgeu
United States — Federal· in force
Correcting Amendment Reinstating “Grandfather” Exceptions to Restrictions on Private Transfer Fee Covenants; Correction (2026-05463)

The Federal Housing Finance Agency published a Final Rule; Technical Amendment document in the Federal Register on March 17, 2026, regarding Correcting Amendment Reinstating "Grandfather" Exceptions to Restrictions on Private Transfer Fee Covenants. The ACTION: line of the Final Rule; Technical Amendment document incorrectly stated that the Final Rule was requesting public comments, however, the Final Rule; Technical Amendment document is not requesting public comments. This

Federal Housing Finance Agency
legislation regulationhousing finance
Global· voluntary standard
CRREM (Carbon Risk Real Estate Monitor)

Science-based decarbonization pathways that let owners assess when buildings risk becoming 'stranded' against 1.5C/2C targets. Used for transition-risk analysis, retrofit planning and capital allocation.

CRREM
voluntarybenchmarkdecarbonizationenergy
Global· voluntary standard
EDGE (Excellence in Design for Greater Efficiencies)

A green-building standard requiring at least 20% savings in energy, water and embodied carbon versus a local baseline, with free design software. Used by developers in emerging markets.

International Finance Corporation
voluntarycertificationenergydecarbonization
US — Denver· in force
Energize Denver Building Performance Policy

Requires commercial and multifamily buildings 25,000 sq ft and larger to meet progressive energy-use targets through 2030, with prescribed upgrades for smaller buildings. Binding performance obligations for most large Denver properties.

Denver Office of Climate Action
energydecarbonizationbenchmarkingus
United States· voluntary
ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager

A free tool to benchmark a building's energy, water, waste and GHG performance and earn an ENERGY STAR score and certification. The reporting backbone for many state and city building-performance mandates.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
energybenchmarkingvoluntaryus
United States — Federal· proposed
Enterprise Duty To Serve Underserved Markets (2026-12750)

The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA or Agency) proposes to rescind its regulation on Duty to Serve Underserved Markets and replace it with a new rule. If adopted as proposed, the new rule would enable the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) (collectively, the Enterprises) to better serve the needs of very low-, low-, and moderate-income families in the manufactured housing, affordable housing pre

Federal Housing Finance Agency
legislation regulationhousing finance
United States — Federal· proposed
Enterprise Duty To Serve Underserved Markets; Correction (2026-12943)

The Federal Housing Finance Agency is correcting the amendatory regulatory text of the proposed rule regarding its Enteprise Duty to Serve Underserved Markets regulation that published in the Federal Register on June 24, 2026.

Federal Housing Finance Agency
legislation regulationhousing finance
United States — Federal· proposed
Equal Access to Housing in HUD Programs Revisions (2026-08244)

This proposed rule would harmonize HUD's existing Equal Access regulations with the directions of the Executive Order titled "Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government." The rule would remove references to "gender" and "gender identity" from HUD regulations, or remove and replace it with "sex," as defined by the Executive Order. Through these revisions, the rule would ensure equal access to qualifying facilities wo

U.S. Dept of Housing & Urban Development
legislation regulation
EU· in force
EU Energy Efficiency Directive (recast)

Establishes 'energy efficiency first' as a binding EU principle and a target to cut final energy consumption 11.7% by 2030, with stronger obligations to renovate public buildings and expand energy audits. Tightens efficiency expectations across building operation.

European Parliament and Council
energyefficiencybuildingsdecarbonizationeu
EU· in force
EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD recast)

Sets a path to a fully decarbonised EU building stock by 2050: a zero-emission standard for new buildings, minimum energy performance standards triggering renovation of the worst-performing non-residential buildings, solar-ready requirements, and strengthened energy performance certificates. Directly drives capex and asset-value risk for CRE owners.

European Parliament and Council
decarbonizationenergybuildingseurenovation
EU· in force
EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED III)

Raises the EU's binding 2030 renewable target to at least 42.5%, with sectoral targets for heating and cooling in buildings and faster permitting for on-site renewables. Pushes CRE owners toward on-site solar and renewable heating.

European Parliament and Council
energyrenewablesbuildingsdecarbonizationeu
EU· in force
EU Taxonomy Regulation

A classification system defining when an activity counts as environmentally sustainable, with technical screening criteria for construction, renovation, acquisition and ownership of buildings. Determines whether real estate assets can be reported as Taxonomy-aligned 'green'.

European Parliament and Council
taxonomydisclosurebuildingsinvestmenteu
EU· phasing in
European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS)

The detailed standards companies must use to report under the CSRD, including climate change, energy and own-operations metrics relevant to building portfolios.

European Commission (EFRAG)
disclosurereportingstandardsesgeu
United States — Federal· proposed
Federal Home Loan Bank New Business Activities (2026-14035)

The Federal Housing Finance Agency ("FHFA" or the "Agency") is requesting comment on this notice of proposed rulemaking repealing the New Business Activities regulation.

Federal Housing Finance Agency
legislation regulationhousing finance
United States — Federal· announced
Federal Reserve Board's annual bank stress test confirms that large banks are well positioned to weather a severe recession and able to continue to lend to households and businesses

Federal Reserve Board's annual bank stress test confirms that large banks are well positioned to weather a severe recession and able to continue to lend to households and businesses

Federal Reserve Board — bank regulation & supervision
legislation regulationprudential regulation
UK· announced
Giving notice of possession to tenants before 1 May 2026

This guide explains the process a landlord must take when they served an eviction notice before 1 May 2026.

Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government
legislation regulationlandlord tenant
Global· voluntary standard
GRESB (Global Real Estate Sustainability Benchmark)

An investor-driven ESG benchmark that scores the sustainability performance of real estate and infrastructure portfolios via standardized annual assessments. Used by institutional investors, managers and REITs to compare ESG performance.

GRESB B.V.
voluntarybenchmarkdisclosuredecarbonizationesg
UK· announced
Guidance: Awaab’s Law Phase 2: Guidance for social housing landlords

Guidance to help social landlords understand and navigate their responsibilities in relation to Awaab’s Law.

Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government
legislation regulationlandlord tenant
UK· announced
Guidance: Awaab’s Law: Regulations

The Hazards in Social Housing (Prescribed Requirements) (England) Regulations 2025, as they apply from 30 November 2026.

Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government
legislation regulation
United States — Federal· proposed
HOME Investment Partnerships Program: Further Program Updates and Streamlining (2026-08406)

This supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking re-opens public comment for certain topics and provisions that were addressed in HUD's May 29, 2024, proposed rule entitled "HOME Investment Partnerships Program: Program Updates and Streamlining." Among other changes, this supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking proposes to revise or revoke previously-proposed tenant protection provisions permitting participating jurisdictions to exceed the maximum per-unit subsidy for proje

U.S. Dept of Housing & Urban Development
legislation regulationlandlord tenant
United States — Washington, DC· proposed (announced by the Mayor; not yet passed by DC Council)
Housing Investment Protection Act of 2026 & Illegal Occupancy Enforcement Amendment Act of 2026 (DC)

Mayor Muriel Bowser announced a two-bill legislative package on 10 Jul 2026 to modernize DC housing law. The Housing Investment Protection Act would expand the local rental voucher subsidy from 30% to 50% of income, clarify landlord entry rights for repairs, set a 60-day eviction-hearing timeline, and narrow the Tenant Opportunity to Purchase Act window. The Illegal Occupancy Enforcement Amendment Act would give MPD tools to remove guests unlawfully overstaying short-term rentals. Neither bill had been introduced to or passed by the DC Council as of this writing.

Announced via the Mayor's office 10 Jul 2026 as a response to declining multifamily construction and rising operating costs in DC. This is a mayoral proposal, not enacted law — status should be re-checked against DC Council legislative records before citing as in-force. Reports what was proposed; not legal advice.
legislationproposedrent regulationeviction processtenant protectionsdc
Global· voluntary standard
IFRS S1 / S2 (ISSB Sustainability Disclosure Standards)

Global baseline standards for sustainability- and climate-related financial disclosures, building on the TCFD framework. Used to provide decision-useful, comparable sustainability disclosures.

IFRS Foundation / ISSB
voluntarydisclosuredecarbonization
Global· voluntary standard
ISO 50001 (Energy Management Systems)

An international management-system standard to establish, maintain and continually improve an organization's energy performance. Used by building operators to systematically manage and reduce energy use.

International Organization for Standardization
voluntarycertificationenergydecarbonization
Global· voluntary standard
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)

The most widely used green-building rating system, certifying buildings on energy, water, materials and indoor environmental performance. Used by developers, owners and tenants worldwide.

U.S. Green Building Council
voluntarycertificationenergydecarbonization
Australia· voluntary standard
NABERS (National Australian Built Environment Rating System)

A government-run system rating the operational environmental performance of buildings on a one-to-six-star scale covering energy, water, waste and indoor environment. Used to measure and disclose in-use performance.

NSW Government / NABERS
voluntarycertificationbenchmarkenergyaustralia
US — New York City· in force
NYC Local Law 84 — Energy & Water Benchmarking

Requires owners of buildings 50,000 sq ft or larger to annually report whole-building energy and water use via ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager, underpinning NYC's building-emissions program.

NYC Department of Buildings
disclosurebenchmarkingenergyus
US — New York City· in force
NYC Local Law 97 — Greenhouse Gas Emissions Limits

Caps annual GHG emissions for most buildings over 25,000 sq ft, with limits from 2024 tightening sharply in 2030 en route to net zero by 2050. Owners must file annual emissions reports or face penalties.

NYC Department of Buildings
decarbonizationenergyemissionsdisclosureus
UK· proposed
PRA announces ring-fence change to reduce costs

The Prudential Regulation Authority has today announced plans to consult on reforming rules around shared operational services for ring-fenced banks.

Bank of England — news & policy
legislation regulationprudential regulation
UK· proposed
PRA sets out adjustments to its market risk internal model approach under Basel 3.1

The Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) has today published a consultation on the internal model approach to market risk (IMA), which represents the final piece of Basel 3.1’s implementation in the UK.

Bank of England — news & policy
legislation regulationprudential regulation
United States — Federal· announced
Questions and Answers Regarding the Affordable Housing Program and Questions and Answers Regarding the Affordable Housing Program-Part 2 (2026-14037)

The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) is issuing a Notice rescinding its December 23, 1997 "Questions and Answers Regarding the Affordable Housing Program" and its March 11, 1999 "Questions and Answers Regarding the Affordable Housing Program--Part 2."

Federal Housing Finance Agency
legislation regulationhousing finance
United States — Federal· in force
Removal of Environmental Clearance Officer Review and Comment for Assessments for Projects Over 200 Lots/Dwelling Units or Beds (2026-10356)

This interim final rule revises the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) environmental review regulations by removing HUD's requirement that Environmental Assessments for projects over 200 dwelling units or beds shall be sent to the Field Environmental Clearance Officer (FECO) or Program Environmental Clearance Officer (PECO) for review and comment. This revision aligns with recent executive actions directing efficiency for environmental permitting and stream

U.S. Dept of Housing & Urban Development
legislation regulation
2 days ago
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