Legislation, zoning, rent, tax, monetary and prudential policy that moves real estate markets, plus the sustainability, disclosure and energy standards investors hold real assets to — each entry links to the official primary source. (For what firms publish about themselves, see Reports & policies.)
14 of 68 regulations
Summaries are for orientation only, not legal advice. Always confirm requirements on the official source.
Federal tax deduction (up to ~$5/sq ft with prevailing-wage compliance) for energy-efficient property in commercial buildings achieving at least 25% energy-cost savings. Phasing out for projects beginning construction after June 30, 2026.
Requires large existing buildings to report annual energy and water use and meet declining GHG emissions standards, reaching net zero by 2050. Imposes both disclosure and emissions-cap obligations on Boston CRE.
Mandatory energy-efficiency requirements for new and altered nonresidential buildings, expanding heat-pump use, electric-readiness and ventilation standards. Applies to permits filed on or after January 1, 2026.
Requires US companies with over $1bn revenue doing business in California to publicly report Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions (Scope 3 from 2027). Affects large CRE owners and REITs; first reports due 2026.
Requires companies with over $500m revenue doing business in California to publish biennial climate-related financial risk reports. Relevant to large CRE firms with physical and transition-risk exposure.
Requires buildings larger than 50,000 sq ft to track and report whole-building energy use annually via ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager, with periodic data verification. Provides energy-transparency benchmarking for Chicago CRE.
Requires commercial and multifamily buildings 25,000 sq ft and larger to meet progressive energy-use targets through 2030, with prescribed upgrades for smaller buildings. Binding performance obligations for most large Denver properties.
A free tool to benchmark a building's energy, water, waste and GHG performance and earn an ENERGY STAR score and certification. The reporting backbone for many state and city building-performance mandates.
Requires owners of buildings 50,000 sq ft or larger to annually report whole-building energy and water use via ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager, underpinning NYC's building-emissions program.
Caps annual GHG emissions for most buildings over 25,000 sq ft, with limits from 2024 tightening sharply in 2030 en route to net zero by 2050. Owners must file annual emissions reports or face penalties.
Requires existing nonresidential and multifamily buildings over 20,000 sq ft to meet progressively stronger GHG targets, reaching net zero between 2041 and 2050. A core decarbonization mandate for large Seattle CRE.
Would have required SEC registrants to disclose material climate risks, governance and certain GHG emissions. The rule was stayed in 2025 and proposed for rescission, so it imposes no current obligations on public CRE issuers.
Mandatory energy-performance standards and benchmarking for existing commercial buildings over 50,000 sq ft, phased by size. Largest Tier 1 buildings must comply by June 1, 2026.
Sets minimum energy-performance standards (benchmarked to the local median ENERGY STAR score) for privately owned buildings 50,000 sq ft and larger. Buildings below standard enter a multi-year compliance cycle.
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